Microwave imaging (MWI) is an emerging modality for medical diagnostics that is receiving an increasing attention at both industrial and academic level, being economically accessible, reliable, and harmless thanks to the non-ionizing nature of the exploited radiation. MWI relies on the use of a low-power electromagnetic field at microwave (MW) frequencies emitted by a number of antennas to sense the deviations in the electromagnetic properties of biological tissues with respect to an expected distribution. As such, MWI can provide an alternative or a complement to currently adopted imaging modalities, such asX-Ray, Computerized Tomography, Ultrasounds and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a number of medical diagnostic applications. In the MiTheMaS project the focus application for MWI is the bone healing monitoring in the follow-up of tissue engineering applications. In particular, many bone diseases are treated with magnetic scaffolds (MaS), produced by loading proper biomaterials with magnetic nanoparticles. These functionalized scaffolds, once implanted and stimulated with electromagnetic fields, allow an enhanced regeneration of the tissue. Starting from this background, the goal of the MITheMaS project is twofold. First, the project aims at promoting an engineering-based design of MaS, that is optimized from an electromagnetic viewpoint. Second, The MiTheMaS project aims at taking advantage of the MaS, already used for therapeutic purposes, towards the development of a the ranostic device, which exploits electromagnetic fields and magnetic nanoparticles as a monitoring/imaging means for the follow up of bone tissue regeneration. The possibility of using standard MWI to monitor tissue regeneration will be investigated, thanks to the fact that bone healing entails the growth of new repaired tissue, which can be sensed and imaged via MWI. Then, due to the fact that human tissues are diamagnetic, MaS will allow a contrast to enhance electromagnetic imaging, aimed, in this case, at monitoring the scaffold degradation (linked to the MNPs release), which goes in parallel to tissue generation. The combination of the imaging information provided by these two approaches will enable an enhanced monitoring of the overall healing process. In vitro experiments carried out through the project will be performed to characterize MNPs dispersion rate within scaffold degradation. Throughout the project, an imaging system based on the use of electromagnetic fields at microwaves will be designed and numerically validated. Also, a first proof-of-concept experiment in controlled laboratory conditions using ad hoc developed phantoms will be carried out.11. Total cost of the research project identified by items.